Carpenter&#39;s square



Patented Sept. 23, 1924.

UNl'I'ED STATES JAMEES S. BOURGEOIS, OF ROXBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

CARPENTER S` SQUARE.

Application filed February 2, 1923.

To all, 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES S. Bonnenois, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Roxbury, in the county of Suffolk and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Carpenters Square, ofwhich the following isl a full, clear, and exact description.

'Ihis invention has relation to tools for mechanics and has particularreference tov` an improvement in carpenters squares.

Primarily the invention contemplates a square, which in addition toperforming the functions of an ordinary square facilitates and insuresthe correct marking of doors windows or other structures for theapplication of hardware thereto, while at the same time permitting itsuse in the capacity of a pair of calipers.

As a further object the invention contemplates a square including aplurality of blades relatively adjustable with respect to each other onthe stock and capable of independent adjustment to vary the projectionof the same from the stock.

As a still further object the invention aims to provide a carpenters`square which is extremely simple in its construction and mode ofadjustment, which is inexpensive to manufacture, which is highlyefhcient in its use and purpose, and which is capable of folding tooccupy a minimum amount of space when not in use.

With the above recited and other objects in view the invention residesin the novel construction set forth in the following specification,particularly pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, it being understood that the right is reserved toembodiments other than those actually illustrated herein to the fullextent indicated by the general meaning of the terms in which the claimsare expressed.

In the drawing-- Figure 1 is a side view of a square constructed inaccordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is an edge view thereof.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken approximately on theline 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4; is a similar view taken approximately on the line il-4; of Fig.1.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of a modified form of blade.

Referring to the drawing by characters serial Nq. 616,534.

of reference, 10 designates the graduated stock of the square which isprovided at one end with angularly disposed extremity 1l having e, Slot@1f-stoere 1,2 to slidably accommodate a graduated blade 13. In ordertoA providemeans for attaching the blade 13 to the stock,` a shank 14;extends through a bore 15 in the extremity 1l, the said boreintersecting and communicating with the slot 12. Thelshank 14: isprovided with a reduced extension 16 having al hooked terminal 1T whichengages in a longitudinal groove 18 in the face of the blade 13. Theopposite end of the shank is threaded as Vat 19 and protrudes froinwthebore 15 to receive a thumb nut 2O having a recess 21 on the inner sidewhich con-k fronts the extremity 11. Preferably a coiled expansionspring 22 is interposed be" tween the inner Well of the recess and theextension l1 surrounding the shank lil for the purpose of frictionallyimpinging the hooked terminal 17 against the wall of the groove 18Iwhereby the blade 1 3 is forced against the inner wall of the slot 1,2to positively insure the disposition of the blade 13 at a true rightangle with the stock 10. The nut 2Q thus constitutes an adjustableabutment for increasing or decreasing the tension of the spring wherebythe outer end of the blade 1 3 may be adjusted relatively to thesquaring face 23 of thestock. The stock 10 is longitudinally slotted asat 2Llf, said lslot 24. communicating vwith a longitudinal groove 25extending throughout the length of the squaring face 23. A secondgraduated blade 26 is adapted to extend transversely through the slot 2lfor longitudinal and transverse sliding movement. A bearing andattaching member 27 for` the blade 26 associated with the vshank throughthe medium of a bolt 28 which is provided with a head 29 received thegroove 25 and with a threaded opposite extremity 30 which extendsthrough a bar 31 in the bearing member 27. The width of the slot 24 isless than the diameter of the threaded extremity 30 and the bolt isprovided with flattened opposite faces 32 extending from the head to itsjuncture with the threaded extremity. A thumb nut 33 is engaged on thethreaded extremity for frictionally retaining the member 27 in itslongitudinally adjusted position on the stock. In order to provide meansto allow for the withdrawal of the enlarged threaded extremity 30 fromthe stock, the slot 2li communicates with a transverse enlarged opening34 at one end. At the upper end the member 27 is provided with atransverse slot or groove which is identical in construction with theslot or groove 12 of the e1;- tremity 11 whereby theA blade 26 is longiwtudinally adjustable and slidable therein. The blade 26 is provided witha groove Si corresponding to the groove 18 of the blade 13 and a similarshank, nut and spring cooperate therewith for holding the blade 26 inits longitudinally adjusted positions.

When it is desired to use the square in its ordinary capacity, the blade26 and blade supporting and bearing member 27 may be readily detached byloosening the thumb nut 33 and withdrawing the belt 28 through theopening 34. l/Vhere it is desired to mark off doors, windows, drawers,or other struetures for the application of hinges, locks, etc., theblade 26 and blade supporting and bearing member 27 are applied asillustrated. This greatly facilitates the marking oif of the doors orother structure. By adjusting the blade 26 toward the blade 13, it willbe readily understood that the square may operate in the capacity of apair of `calipers for the measurement of the diameter of pipes or otherround objects. The square will also be useful for the marking off ofmortise and tenon joints and thus insures bothaccuracy and speed inattaining the desired end. lVhen not in use, the blades may be readilydetached to reduce the space required for its packing in a car" penterskit to an absolute minimum.

As illuustrated in Fig. 5 the second blade 65L which is designed to beemployed in lieu of the blade 26 is formed with an eX- tension edge 27aprojecting toward the blade 13 whereby the extension edge may be broughtinto contact with the confronting edge of the blade 13 for closemeasuring, calipering or marking. As illustrated the blade 26a isprovided with a groove Bil to cooperate with the hooked terminal of theretaining element.

I claim:

1. A earpenters square comprising a stock having a transverse groove atone end thereof, a blade mounted in said groove for sliding movementrelatively to said stock, said stock having a longitudinal slot in thesame plane with the transverse groove, a second blade mounted in saidslot for longitudinal adjustments and lateral sliding movements withrespect to said stock, and means for maintaining said blades in theirrelatively adjusted positions.

2. A carpenters square comprising a stock having a transverse groove atone end thereof, a blade mounted in said groove for sliding movementrelatively to said stock, said stock having a longitudinal slot in thesame plane with the transverse groove, a second blade mounted in saidslot for longitudinal adjustments and lateral sliding movements withrespect to said stock, meansl for maintaining said blades in theirrelatively adjusted positions, said means consisting of a longitudinallygrooved portion in each blade, a set screw having a hooked terminalengaging with the longitudinal groove, a lateral projection at the endot' the stock through which one of the set screws extends forcooperation with the first. blade, a bearing element slidably mounted onthe stoel: through which the set screw engaging with the second bladeextends, and a set screw extending through said bearing element and theslotted portion of the steelt.

3. A carpentes square comprising a stock having an angularly disposedextrem" ity at one end provided with a groove at a right angle to themajor length of the stock, a longitudinally adjustable iixed blade insaid groove, said stock having a longitu dinal slot formed therein, asupporting and bearing member longitudinally adjustable on the stock,said bearing member having a grooved portion disposed at a right angleto the stock and a longitudinally adjustable blade in the groovedportion of the bearing member, and means on the angularly dis-- posedterminal of the stock and bearingr member respectively for maintainingthe blades at a right angle to the stock and parallel to each other,said bearing member adapted upon longitudinal movement to adv vance themovable blade carried thereby to ward or away from the fixed blade.

JAMES S. BOURGEOIS

